Research on International Common Language of Main Motion Components of Internal Combustion Engine

The crankshaft, connecting rod, piston, etc. on the car engine are called the main moving parts of the internal combustion engine. The GB/T 6809.3 "Reciprocating internal combustion engine parts and system terminology part 3: Main moving parts" governing the terminology for the main moving parts of reciprocating internal combustion engines has been revised for the second time, and was published on December 28, 2006 and 2007. It will be implemented on the 1st of the month. This standard is equivalent to the use of corresponding international standards and is an important national standard for the specification of the main moving parts of internal combustion engines. Relevant units should actively implement the new standard, so that China's terminology for internal combustion engine components will be brought into line with international standards as soon as possible.

The evolution of standards

The national standard for the terminus of internal combustion engine components was first published in 1965. The standard number and name are GB724-?965 "Names of Internal Combustion Engine Components". At that time, the standard stipulated the standard names of 23 types of internal combustion engine components, but did not give corresponding definitions and illustrations. Due to the release of the corresponding international standard, the standard was revised for the first time in 1989, and the standard number and name were changed to GB/T 6809.3-1989 "Reciprocating internal combustion engine parts terminology major moving parts." This revision, with reference to the 1987 ISO 7967 international standard, reclassified internal combustion engine components. For the first time, pistons, connecting rods and crankshafts are referred to as the main moving parts. The original standards are divided into several parts according to the new classification. Each part defines the terms of a type of parts and components, and the terminology is added to the original definition. Corresponding legend. Among them, the terms of the major moving parts were released as the third part of the standard, and have continued to this day.

In 2006, the standard was revised for the second time. The standard name was changed from the original "Reciprocating internal combustion engine parts terminology major moving parts" to "Reciprocating internal combustion engine parts and system terminology Part 3: Main moving parts." The name of the new standard is consistent with international standards and complies with GB/T 1.1's requirements for standard names. However, the scope of application of the standard has not changed and it is still applicable to other moving parts such as pistons, connecting rods, crankshafts and flywheels. The new version of the standard was drafted by the Shanghai Institute of Internal Combustion Engines and adopted the same international standards. In addition to the deletion of two editorial amendments such as the International Standards Preface, the other contents are exactly the same as international standards.

The main feature of the third edition of the standard is that the standard content is fully in line with international standards. Its main difference from the second version is that it added a chapter on "normative references"; secondly, it added and modified some terms and definitions; thirdly, it added Chinese and English indexes; and fourthly, it added special piston classifications. Crosshead pistons, integral pistons, combination pistons, controlled thermal expansion pistons, and articulated pistons are called special pistons. In addition, this revision for the first time illustrates the names of other parts of this standard for reference.

The terms of the new standard

The terminology standard for reciprocating internal combustion engine parts and systems is divided into nine parts. Respectively: solid parts and external cover; valve, camshaft drive and drive mechanism; the main moving parts; pressurization and intake and exhaust pipe system; cooling system; lubrication system; mediation system; starting system; monitoring system.

Among them, GB/T 6809.3-2006 belongs to the third part of the standard. It divides pistons, connecting rods, crankshafts and other moving parts into four categories that sequentially specify the terms and definitions of the main moving parts of the internal combustion engine. At the same time, in order to facilitate the understanding of terminology concepts, corresponding illustrations are also given. The terms specified in the new standard and their English expression are shown in Table 1.

Added and modified terms

This revision adds and modifies certain terms on the basis of the original, and adjusts the English expression of some terms.

(1) Added terms (see Table 2)

(2) Modified terms (see Table 3)

Based on the addition of some terms, the new standard also modifies the original terminology and makes some adjustments to some definitions.

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Comments and hope

As mentioned earlier, the new standard adds a chapter on normative references, which lists GB/T 1883.1-2005 "Reciprocating internal combustion engines Vocabulary Part 1: Engine design and operation terms", GB/T 1883.2-2005 " Reciprocating internal combustion engines Vocabulary Part 2: Terminology for engine maintenance and three standards of ISO 6621-1 "Piston Rings for Internal Combustion Engines Part 1: Vocabulary". These three standards are not quoted in the standard text. The drafting of this standard is only used as a reference standard, so it is not a reference document. Therefore, it is recommended that the "Normative References" chapter be cancelled when the standard is revised later.

GB/T 6809.3-2006 "Reciprocating internal combustion engine parts and system terminology - Part 3: Main moving parts" is a basic national standard for the formulation of the main moving parts of internal combustion engines and related standards. It has been more than 40 years since its initial release. Has not been due to implement the implementation. As a result, the terminology related to the product standards for internal combustion engine parts formulated and issued by China does not conform to the provisions of this standard, and the related terminology used is more confusing. For example, the "crank pin" is called "link pin", and the "balance weight" is called "balance block", "counterweight" and so on. Nowadays, with the continuous expansion of foreign exchanges, the use of internationally common technical languages ​​for communication is necessary. Therefore, it is hoped that when the relevant departments formulate and revise product standards and related standards for the main moving parts of internal combustion engines such as pistons, crankshafts, connecting rods, etc., they should pay attention to the harmonization and harmonization of this term with related terms. It is also hoped that relevant enterprises and institutions will actively implement the internationally accepted standard terminology and let this standard on the terms of internal combustion engine parts play its due role.

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