CNC digital display economical CNC lathe automatic tool change principle and maintenance Xuzhou Normal University, 屯 气程系 Suzhou Vocational Industrial University Jia Chuansheng Yang Yongjuan Abstract analysis of the economic CNC lathe automatic tool change working principle and maintenance examples, a brief description of the domestic lathe The status quo of processing.
The automatic tool holder system tool holder of the economical CNC lathe is an important part of the lathe. The tool holder is used to clamp the cutting tool, and its structure directly affects the cutting performance and efficiency of the lathe. The economical CNC lathe replaces the original ordinary manual rotating frame with a tool position or a six-position automatic indexing tool holder. The automatic indexing tool holder is controlled by the numerical control system with high efficiency and reliable process performance.
The principle of automatic tool change of CNC lathe, the number of bits of the tool holder is, the numerical control unit sends out the number change, the buckle and the anti-connection, the tool holder rotates the control contactor, 4 connects 220 AC power, 4 pulls, The tool changer å£ passes into 38, rotates in the forward direction, drives the worm speed reduction mechanism, and the screw lift mechanism raises the upper body. When the upper body rises to a fixed height, the clutch turntable acts, driving the upper body to pave the way from the corresponding technical standards. But at the same time, it also has an electrical life expectancy in China. At the same time, we must pay more attention to the safety of the system and the overall mechanical system; the corresponding technical requirements are in line with the internationally recognized technical requirements; the corresponding personal safety protection measures; the environmental impact electromagnetic compatibility and so on.
In short, the new series, the standard machine tool industry in the stomach, participate in international competition from the technical requirements and conditions to pave the way for international standards. The machine tool electrical industry is also bound to have a new look in the international competition with the support of the new series of standards.
Rotate. The transmitting plate at the upper end of the tool holder is equipped with a lJWCfhSO2 blade 6 for each tool position. When the upper tool body is rotated to a certain tool position, the Hall element No. 2 line of the tool position inputs a low level to the numerical control system, while others Tool position Hall element output level. During the rotation of the upper body, the transmitting disk continuously feeds back the tool position signal to the numerical control system. The numerical control system compares the feedback tool position signal with the command tool position. When the two signals are the same, it indicates that the upper tool body has been rotated to the selected tool position, otherwise the rotation continues. After going to the selected tool number, the CNC system immediately disconnects 827 and 830, and 828 and 830 are connected. The tool holder reversal control contactor is connected to 1 through 5, 220 AC, 5 suction, and 3 change. Turn, the activity pin is leaning against the initial positioning on the opposite plate. Under the action of the movable pin, the worm drives the upper cutter body to descend until the gear plate meshes, and the fine positioning is completed, and the nut is locked by the worm gear, so that the cutting and fastening motor is reversely blocked and the turbulent flow is increased rapidly, 82822 For the tool block motor stall detection signal, after detecting the signal, the index completion signal is sent to the numerical control system, 1 view 5 power off, the power is cut off, the motor stops, the automatic tool change process is completed, and the progress is reported. For over-pressure 01. Capacitor absorption device, for power switch with overload and short circuit protection, 3 is the tool post motor grounding protection, in order to prevent 141 mice, at the same time attracting and causing the main circuit short circuit, in 1 said 41 said 5 control loop The electrical interlocking connection is inserted into the source (4) lock opening.
It is worth noting that there are mainly three types of detection and type of reverse clamping of economical CNC lathes. The first type uses the stall current detection method as described in the text; the second type is the delay default method, such as the West 1 child 8023 system, after the selected servant, the knife holder motor reverses the version 18 to commit 7 The frame lock bit number is purchased by the illusion. At this time, the default tool change is completed, the motor cuts off the power supply and stops, and the tool change can be completed. The third type is the lock sensor; the wave test method, 3 After turning to the selected tool number, after the motor reverses the clamping tool holder, the correct sensor feedback signal is sent to the digital calibration system. The machine cuts off the power and the automatic tool change process is completed. Such as the Nanjing No. 1 Machine Tool Plant, the 61360 CNC lathe adopts this method.
Economical CNC lathes are widely used in small and medium-sized enterprises. The CNC machine tools are paid for by the factory. The price is higher than that of the structure. When the CNC system fails, it is difficult to eliminate the users. Therefore, some users prefer to leave the protection equipment, and it is not necessary. Not enabled at the time, the device utilization is low. CNC systems are made up of thousands of electronic devices, and their performance and lifetime are highly discrete.
CNC lathes use a large number of electrical controls, and the mechanical structure is greatly simplified. Therefore, the mechanical failure rate is greatly reduced, and electrical faults are relatively more, and the lathe failure of 60 or more is related to the automatic tool changer.
Maintenance Case 1 The economical CNC lathe of our institute adopts the Siemens 8028 system. When the program runs to the tool change command, the car stops running. Unable to continue. Automatic tool change to the original state. Referring to 1 1 and the text, first check the CNC system to run other commands 1 often, indicating that the data control system is not broken, and then can not be operated by manual tool change. Removing the motor with a wrench can drive the tool change device, and the force is not strong. The air test is manually changed, the motor rotates but the steering is reversed, indicating that the power phase sequence is incorrect. The cause of the accident is that the power phase sequence is mistaken during the power grid transformation process. The author has encountered such a fault, and arbitrarily adjusts the two phases of the power supply, and the CNC lathe runs normally.
Maintenance Case 2 The mining and welding machinery factory uses the 06163 economical CNC lathe from Shandong Dezhou Machine Tool Plant. When the program runs to change the tool, the tool change motor rotates in the forward direction and continuously rotates continuously. Call the program to change the No. 5 knife, check all the questions are not found, reprogram and change the other tools are normal, manually stop the tool position at the 5th position, check the 805 line and the inch high ground to indicate the position sensor and 5 Hu, Damage in the element, replacement of the new Hall element, the lathe is operating normally.
Judging from the dozens of economical CNC boring machines repaired by the author, serious numerical control system failures have not been found, mainly due to the fact that some sensor interface power failures, but the traditional maintenance electricians lack the basic knowledge of necessary systems, etc. The failure does not know where to start, which seriously restricts the application and development of CNC lathes, and it is very urgent to accelerate the training of on-site maintenance personnel.
I Li Hong swollen. Number finding principle and system 1. Beijing Machinery Industry Press.
2 Jia Chuansheng, Lu Lin. Numerical control transformation and application of ordinary lathes. Nanjing mechanical design and manufacturing engineering. 20005 3 Yongzhang. The number of controls is called the hook. Er, Harbin Institute of Technology Press. 1999
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