From the government's price control to the first-time market, we have paid for it for 10 years. The reform of oil prices may best represent the 10-year history of China's energy price reforms. During this period, several easy-to-find projects have suffered setbacks. Until December 19, 2008, the National Development and Reform Commission announced the implementation of a price capping mechanism. Wu Zhonghu, a researcher at the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that this is the first step in the real sense of price reform. Although it is only to release controls on price cuts, it is not a small improvement in the marketization of oil prices. Although the gates for controls have become loose, the government has not yet withdrawn. Since the government has determined the general direction of marketization for China's energy price reform, the contradiction between the government and the market has never stopped.
A year's reform of the oil price The international oil price in 2008 was like a roller coaster, which was instantly high and fell sharply in an instant. From $90 in early 2008 to a record $147.5 in July, to the current $40. In the meantime, domestic voices on oil price reform have never stopped, and the National Development and Reform Commission has been indecisive between the adjustment of oil prices and ensuring economic operations.
Wu Zhonghu said that in fact China's oil price reform has not always been a single price adjustment, but is closely related to the operation of the macro economy. The purpose of the past ten or more price adjustments was almost always to ensure that the economy operated smoothly.
Throughout 2008, the National Development and Reform Commission implemented only two oil price adjustments. The first time was on June 19, when international oil prices had crossed the high of $130. In this context, oil shortages have continued in various parts of the country, and Shandong and Guangdong have once appeared to fight for refueling. At the same time, the National Development and Reform Commission is anxious about not seeing a drop in inflation. The constant high PPI makes policy makers hesitant to increase energy prices.
At that time, the two major groups successively used internal ginseng to bypass the National Development and Reform Commission and directly wrote to the top management of the central government, recommending that the price of refined oil be raised. It was precisely under such pressure that the National Development and Reform Commission finally announced on June 19 that it would increase the price of refined oil by 1,000 yuan per ton. This adjustment was the largest in China's previous price adjustments. At the same time as the adjustment of refined oil prices, the National Development and Reform Commission announced that it would increase the price of electricity generation on the Internet. However, in order to avoid the impact on prices, the retail price did not increase at the same time.
Dong Xiucheng, deputy dean of the School of Business Administration of China University of Petroleum, believes that the adjustment of oil prices on June 19 demonstrated the government's consistent price operation concept, which is to link the impact on the economy with price reform. This issue has now become the major obstacle to China's oil price reform. In fact, price reform can be separated from economic operation. It depends on whether the government has this determination.
Ten years after the reform of energy prices, the separation of interests has been another difficulty in reforms. Dong Xiucheng pointed out that this aspect is indeed a problem, but on the other hand, it also reminds the decision-making level that the longer the reforms are dragged on, the more problems there are and the better it will eventually be.
On December 19, 2008, following the sharp drop in international oil prices, the National Development and Reform Commission finally announced a reduction in refined oil prices after the community called for a reduction of domestic oil prices for several days. This time it was not a simple price adjustment. The National Development and Reform Commission announced the price cut for refined oil products. At the same time, it introduced a new refined oil price plan. The new program set a maximum retail price, which reduced the space for independent floating of the company and completely put the lower price limit. open. In addition, a fuel tax of 13 years has been formally introduced.
However, despite its market orientation in terms of price cuts, the National Development and Reform Commission’s pricing strategy of “government has control and convergence†also shows that China formally abandoned the principle of full marketization in line with international standards at the beginning of oil price reform.
Energy price reforms in 2009 Officials of the National Energy Administration stated that the price reforms in 2009 will continue to advance, but the situation will be more complicated. Mainly in the choice of timing, but also need comprehensive consideration. We must not only see the opportunities brought about by the decline in international energy prices, but also the risks brought by price reforms to the domestic economy. The price reform of natural gas, fertilizers, electricity, coal and other products will be the focus of work in 2009. There is no mention of refined oil, because the oil price reform program on December 19, 2008 has basically been set, and it will be fine to implement it in 2009.
Among the above energy products, except for natural gas and coal, all industries in 2008 were all industry-wide losses. The above-mentioned officials of the Energy Bureau also stated that if the price issue is not resolved, the above-mentioned industries will have problems in the first half of 2009, which is very unfavorable for the overall goal of maintaining growth.
In fact, some phenomena at the end of 2008 have already laid down a "minefield" for the economic operation in the first half of 2009. At the recent coal meeting held in 2009, the national coal power contract in 2009 suffered a fierce meltdown due to price disparity, and the two sides of the power coal broke up again, casting a shadow over the balance of coal supply and demand in 2009.
According to an official from the State Electricity Regulatory Commission, due to the incoordination of the marketization of coal and electricity, all five major groups in 2008 suffered losses. The losses in the first 11 months have reached 30 billion yuan. If we do not push forward the reform of electricity prices, the contradiction will only accumulate in the future.
It is reported that the State Electricity Regulatory Commission and the China Electric Power Association have made continuous recommendations as early as September 2008 to increase the price of electricity, and to stabilize the coal price, and to straighten out the coal price mechanism. Since then, however, the Central Government has stimulated the introduction of domestic demand policies, and the plan to increase electricity prices has been shelved. A person in the CEC said that the relevant authorities have clearly stated that before the national economic situation is clear, do not mention the application for an increase in electricity prices. This means that before the economic downturn, the electricity price reform has been explicitly put aside.
The officials of the China Electricity Regulatory Commission stated that although there will be some impact on the current price increase, when Yancoal's price falls, it is a good opportunity to rationalize the price relationship. The official also suggested that the pace of electricity price reform should be accelerated and the rational pricing mechanism should be promoted as it is with oil price reforms. Gradually revise the relationship between coal and electricity prices, establish an independent transmission and distribution price mechanism as soon as possible, and actively promote the reform of sales price.
The National Development and Reform Commission, which holds important powers for price reforms, remains cautious. Relevant officials stated that in order to promote price reform, we must take all factors into consideration. We must not only deal with the interests of all parties concerned, but also take into consideration the influence of various aspects of society, especially in the case of unclear economic trends in 2009. More need to be careful.
A year's reform of the oil price The international oil price in 2008 was like a roller coaster, which was instantly high and fell sharply in an instant. From $90 in early 2008 to a record $147.5 in July, to the current $40. In the meantime, domestic voices on oil price reform have never stopped, and the National Development and Reform Commission has been indecisive between the adjustment of oil prices and ensuring economic operations.
Wu Zhonghu said that in fact China's oil price reform has not always been a single price adjustment, but is closely related to the operation of the macro economy. The purpose of the past ten or more price adjustments was almost always to ensure that the economy operated smoothly.
Throughout 2008, the National Development and Reform Commission implemented only two oil price adjustments. The first time was on June 19, when international oil prices had crossed the high of $130. In this context, oil shortages have continued in various parts of the country, and Shandong and Guangdong have once appeared to fight for refueling. At the same time, the National Development and Reform Commission is anxious about not seeing a drop in inflation. The constant high PPI makes policy makers hesitant to increase energy prices.
At that time, the two major groups successively used internal ginseng to bypass the National Development and Reform Commission and directly wrote to the top management of the central government, recommending that the price of refined oil be raised. It was precisely under such pressure that the National Development and Reform Commission finally announced on June 19 that it would increase the price of refined oil by 1,000 yuan per ton. This adjustment was the largest in China's previous price adjustments. At the same time as the adjustment of refined oil prices, the National Development and Reform Commission announced that it would increase the price of electricity generation on the Internet. However, in order to avoid the impact on prices, the retail price did not increase at the same time.
Dong Xiucheng, deputy dean of the School of Business Administration of China University of Petroleum, believes that the adjustment of oil prices on June 19 demonstrated the government's consistent price operation concept, which is to link the impact on the economy with price reform. This issue has now become the major obstacle to China's oil price reform. In fact, price reform can be separated from economic operation. It depends on whether the government has this determination.
Ten years after the reform of energy prices, the separation of interests has been another difficulty in reforms. Dong Xiucheng pointed out that this aspect is indeed a problem, but on the other hand, it also reminds the decision-making level that the longer the reforms are dragged on, the more problems there are and the better it will eventually be.
On December 19, 2008, following the sharp drop in international oil prices, the National Development and Reform Commission finally announced a reduction in refined oil prices after the community called for a reduction of domestic oil prices for several days. This time it was not a simple price adjustment. The National Development and Reform Commission announced the price cut for refined oil products. At the same time, it introduced a new refined oil price plan. The new program set a maximum retail price, which reduced the space for independent floating of the company and completely put the lower price limit. open. In addition, a fuel tax of 13 years has been formally introduced.
However, despite its market orientation in terms of price cuts, the National Development and Reform Commission’s pricing strategy of “government has control and convergence†also shows that China formally abandoned the principle of full marketization in line with international standards at the beginning of oil price reform.
Energy price reforms in 2009 Officials of the National Energy Administration stated that the price reforms in 2009 will continue to advance, but the situation will be more complicated. Mainly in the choice of timing, but also need comprehensive consideration. We must not only see the opportunities brought about by the decline in international energy prices, but also the risks brought by price reforms to the domestic economy. The price reform of natural gas, fertilizers, electricity, coal and other products will be the focus of work in 2009. There is no mention of refined oil, because the oil price reform program on December 19, 2008 has basically been set, and it will be fine to implement it in 2009.
Among the above energy products, except for natural gas and coal, all industries in 2008 were all industry-wide losses. The above-mentioned officials of the Energy Bureau also stated that if the price issue is not resolved, the above-mentioned industries will have problems in the first half of 2009, which is very unfavorable for the overall goal of maintaining growth.
In fact, some phenomena at the end of 2008 have already laid down a "minefield" for the economic operation in the first half of 2009. At the recent coal meeting held in 2009, the national coal power contract in 2009 suffered a fierce meltdown due to price disparity, and the two sides of the power coal broke up again, casting a shadow over the balance of coal supply and demand in 2009.
According to an official from the State Electricity Regulatory Commission, due to the incoordination of the marketization of coal and electricity, all five major groups in 2008 suffered losses. The losses in the first 11 months have reached 30 billion yuan. If we do not push forward the reform of electricity prices, the contradiction will only accumulate in the future.
It is reported that the State Electricity Regulatory Commission and the China Electric Power Association have made continuous recommendations as early as September 2008 to increase the price of electricity, and to stabilize the coal price, and to straighten out the coal price mechanism. Since then, however, the Central Government has stimulated the introduction of domestic demand policies, and the plan to increase electricity prices has been shelved. A person in the CEC said that the relevant authorities have clearly stated that before the national economic situation is clear, do not mention the application for an increase in electricity prices. This means that before the economic downturn, the electricity price reform has been explicitly put aside.
The officials of the China Electricity Regulatory Commission stated that although there will be some impact on the current price increase, when Yancoal's price falls, it is a good opportunity to rationalize the price relationship. The official also suggested that the pace of electricity price reform should be accelerated and the rational pricing mechanism should be promoted as it is with oil price reforms. Gradually revise the relationship between coal and electricity prices, establish an independent transmission and distribution price mechanism as soon as possible, and actively promote the reform of sales price.
The National Development and Reform Commission, which holds important powers for price reforms, remains cautious. Relevant officials stated that in order to promote price reform, we must take all factors into consideration. We must not only deal with the interests of all parties concerned, but also take into consideration the influence of various aspects of society, especially in the case of unclear economic trends in 2009. More need to be careful.
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