A é“ mineral floatability
Beryl 3BeO·Al 2 O 3 ·6SiO 2 , containing BeO 8%~12%, good floatability, oleic acid can be floated in weakly acidic, neutral and alkaline medium. The sulfonated petroleum can also float in an acidic medium.
The beryl does not float at all when no sulfuric acid is added, and its floatability increases with the increase of the amount of sulfuric acid. When the amount of sulfuric acid is 0.98 g/L, the floatability is the best, but above this concentration, the beryl is inhibited. When oleic acid is used as a collector , hydrofluoric acid has an activation effect on beryl. When the amount reaches 200 g/t, the activation is best. However, when it is used in an amount exceeding 500 g/t, the beryl floatation is completely suppressed. When oleic acid was used as the collector, the recovery rate of beryl treated with sodium hydroxide was significantly increased. At this time , the recovery rate of feldspar increased little. This is one of the methods for separating beryl and feldspar. Sodium sulfide is an inhibitor of quartz and feldspar and an activator of beryl. Using oleic acid as a collector and pretreatment with sodium sulfide, a beryl concentrate containing BeO 5.9% can be obtained.
The beryl flotation can employ an anionic collector and a cationic collector. The results show that when oleic acid is used, the recovery rate is only 50%. If it is treated with sodium hydroxide or hydrofluoric acid in advance, the recovery rate will increase to over 80%. Among the cation collectors, octadecyl ester was most highly trapped. When harvesting with an amine salt, the best pH is 9 to 10.5.
B. The flotation method of antimony ore
The flotation study of beryl showed that when beryl was not added with a modifier, it could not be separated from the gangue by either an anion collector or a cation collector, so it must be pretreated before flotation. The pretreatment method can be divided into an acid method (using sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, etc.) and an alkali method (using sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, etc.). Object is pretreated mineral surface cleaning to remove adhering surface beryl heavy metal salts, silicic acid is selectively melted surface thereof, so that projections beryllium ions, which increase the floatability and reduce gangue minerals Floatability.
The acid and alkali flotation of beryl are briefly described as follows:
Acid liquefation of a beryl
Acid flotation is divided into mixed flotation and preferential flotation. Hybrid flotation is the treatment of the pulp with acid, the beryl and feldspar are floated into the foam product, and then separated. The specific step is that after the coarse grinding of the ore, the sulfide ore is floated with xanthate, and then the mica is floated with the alkylamine salt in an acidic medium, and after the mica is floated, the hydrofluoric acid is activated to activate the beryl, and then the alkyl group is added. The amine salt floats out of beryl and feldspar. The mixed coarse concentrate is diluted three times, concentrated and dehydrated, and then sodium carbonate is added, and the beryl is floated with the alkylamine salt, and the beryl concentrate is obtained after multiple selections.
The preferred flotation is to first float the mica and then float the beryl. The specific step is that the finely ground ore is used to float mica with a cationic collector in a sulfuric acid medium, and the tailings are concentrated, treated with hydrofluoric acid, and then floated with an alkylamine salt, and the tailings are Feldspar and quartz.
In the beryl rough-selected concentrate, hydrofluoric acid and a cationic collector are added, and then selected several times to obtain a beryl concentrate.
A selected plant abroad uses the acid method to float the beryl. The ore contains beryl 1.3% (including BeO 0.14%), mica 21%, feldspar 47%, quartz 27%, and other minerals 3.7%. The beryl monomer separation needs to be finely ground to -0.83 mm. The dressing process is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 beryl acid flotation process [next]
After the demineralized ore is treated with sulfuric acid, the mica flotation is carried out, then the beryl is floated, and then the feldspar is floated. The feldspar flotation tailings are quartz concentrates. The beryl flotation concentrate is separated by magnetic separation because it contains garnet , tourmaline and a small amount of mica. The obtained non-magnetic product is a beryl concentrate containing BeO 8.05% and a recovery rate of 69.3%. The medicines used are as follows:
Drug name | Dosage /g·t -1 | Add location |
Sulfuric acid | 1000 | Mica flotation |
Aluminum sulfate | 1000 | Mica flotation |
Cationic collector | 200~150 | Mica flotation; feldspar flotation |
Neutral oil | 2500;1000; 3500 | Mica flotation; beryl flotation; Feldspar flotation |
Hydrofluoric acid | 1000 | Beryl flotation |
Sodium carbonate | 500 | Beryl flotation |
Oleic acid | 600 | Beryl flotation |
Pine oil | 500 | Beryl flotation |
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Alkaline flotation of b-beryl
Alkali flotation is to remove the mud after grinding the ore, and then wash it with sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate, so that the slurry is weakly alkaline, and then the chlorite is used to float the beryl. After several selections, it is green. Column concentrate. This method is applicable to ores with relatively simple symbiotic minerals.
The phoenix flotation plant in the Ficks-Kovori mine in the United States uses an alkali method to float beryl. There are beryl, feldspar, mica and quartz in the ore. The ore is de-sludged after fine grinding, and washed with sodium hydroxide (2.5kg/t). When the pH is 8, the sulphuric acid (0.4kg/t) is floated and the beryl is selected. Thereafter, a beryl concentrate containing BeO 12.2% was obtained, and the recovery rate was 74.7%. The selection process is shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2 US Ficks-Kovori beryl alkali flotation process
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