Fire refining low nickel matte nickel-flow furnace, a flash smelting furnace equipment generates, because its composition can not meet the processing requirements of the refining process, and therefore must be low nickel matte is further processed, the process mostly in a horizontal rotary kiln get on.
The task of low-nickel crucible blowing is to blow air into the low-nickel bismuth melt in the converter and add an appropriate amount of quartz flux, oxidize iron and other impurities in the low-nickel bismuth, and slag with quartz, some sulfur and some other volatiles. impurities discharged with the flue gas after oxidation, to obtain higher nickel matte and high metal value converter slag containing more divalent metals (Ni, Cu, Co, etc.), because of their different respective densities and density stratification m Small converter slag floating in the upper layer was excluded. The noble metals and some of the cobalt in the high nickel bismuth also enter the high nickel bismuth.
Converter blowing is a strong self-heating process, and all the heat required is supplied by the oxidative exothermic and slagging reaction exotherm of iron, sulfur and other impurities in the process of blowing low nickel bismuth.
The low nickel crucible blowing is different from the copper crucible blowing. Only the first cycle has no obvious second cycle. When the low nickel crucible is blown to 2% to 4% of the iron, it is poured out as the output of the converter. Therefore, the blowing of low nickel niobium is only the slag forming period, and there is no metal nickel period. In the slagging process, low nickel niobium and raw slag are added in batches to maintain a certain liquid level in the furnace to ensure the normal operation of the operation.
The main components of low nickel niobium are FeS, Fe 3 O 4 , Ni 3 S 2 , Cu 2 S, ZnS, etc. If M stands for metal, MS stands for metal sulfide, MO stands for metal oxide, and is blown at about 1250 ° C. Sulfides can be oxidized at elevated temperatures in the following reactions:
MS+3/2O 2 =MO+SO 2 (1—1)
MS+O 2 =M+SO 2 (1-2)
According to the formula (1~2), the nickel bismuth is produced at a temperature of 1650 °C, and the horizontal converter can not reach such a high temperature, that is, the (1-2) formula cannot be smoothly carried out, (1-1) It becomes the main reaction of low nickel bismuth blowing.
The way in which a sulphide is ruined is oxidized. The more accurate method is to calculate the change in the free energy of the reaction. For the sake of simplicity, in production practice it is often the case that the affinity of the metal for oxygen at this temperature and the affinity of sulfur for oxygen are used.
Iron has the highest affinity for oxygen, followed by cobalt, nickel and copper, so iron is most easily oxidized during the blowing process. The affinity of copper, nickel, cobalt and iron for sulfur is opposite to that of oxygen. Therefore, the order of vulcanization of metals is reversed, that is, copper is first vulcanized, followed by nickel, cobalt and iron, so iron in the process of blowing It is easily removed by oxidation and slag formation. Removed in iron oxide slag. After the iron oxide slag removal, the cobalt should be oxidized and slag, but the content of cobalt in the nickel bismuth is small. When the cobalt is oxidized and removed, the nickel also begins to oxidize and slag. Because of this, the blowing process must be Controlling the slagging and blowing after the iron has not been completely oxidized and slag-removed, otherwise cobalt and nickel will be oxidized and slag. Since it is difficult to accurately infer in the production process, a small amount of cobalt and nickel are inevitably entered into the slag, and the cobalt completely enters the slag, and then the cobalt is recovered by other methods from the blowing slag.
The task of low-nickel crucible blowing is to blow air into the low-nickel bismuth melt in the converter and add an appropriate amount of quartz flux, oxidize iron and other impurities in the low-nickel bismuth, and slag with quartz, some sulfur and some other volatiles. impurities discharged with the flue gas after oxidation, to obtain higher nickel matte and high metal value converter slag containing more divalent metals (Ni, Cu, Co, etc.), because of their different respective densities and density stratification m Small converter slag floating in the upper layer was excluded. The noble metals and some of the cobalt in the high nickel bismuth also enter the high nickel bismuth.
Converter blowing is a strong self-heating process, and all the heat required is supplied by the oxidative exothermic and slagging reaction exotherm of iron, sulfur and other impurities in the process of blowing low nickel bismuth.
The low nickel crucible blowing is different from the copper crucible blowing. Only the first cycle has no obvious second cycle. When the low nickel crucible is blown to 2% to 4% of the iron, it is poured out as the output of the converter. Therefore, the blowing of low nickel niobium is only the slag forming period, and there is no metal nickel period. In the slagging process, low nickel niobium and raw slag are added in batches to maintain a certain liquid level in the furnace to ensure the normal operation of the operation.
The main components of low nickel niobium are FeS, Fe 3 O 4 , Ni 3 S 2 , Cu 2 S, ZnS, etc. If M stands for metal, MS stands for metal sulfide, MO stands for metal oxide, and is blown at about 1250 ° C. Sulfides can be oxidized at elevated temperatures in the following reactions:
MS+3/2O 2 =MO+SO 2 (1—1)
MS+O 2 =M+SO 2 (1-2)
According to the formula (1~2), the nickel bismuth is produced at a temperature of 1650 °C, and the horizontal converter can not reach such a high temperature, that is, the (1-2) formula cannot be smoothly carried out, (1-1) It becomes the main reaction of low nickel bismuth blowing.
The way in which a sulphide is ruined is oxidized. The more accurate method is to calculate the change in the free energy of the reaction. For the sake of simplicity, in production practice it is often the case that the affinity of the metal for oxygen at this temperature and the affinity of sulfur for oxygen are used.
Iron has the highest affinity for oxygen, followed by cobalt, nickel and copper, so iron is most easily oxidized during the blowing process. The affinity of copper, nickel, cobalt and iron for sulfur is opposite to that of oxygen. Therefore, the order of vulcanization of metals is reversed, that is, copper is first vulcanized, followed by nickel, cobalt and iron, so iron in the process of blowing It is easily removed by oxidation and slag formation. Removed in iron oxide slag. After the iron oxide slag removal, the cobalt should be oxidized and slag, but the content of cobalt in the nickel bismuth is small. When the cobalt is oxidized and removed, the nickel also begins to oxidize and slag. Because of this, the blowing process must be Controlling the slagging and blowing after the iron has not been completely oxidized and slag-removed, otherwise cobalt and nickel will be oxidized and slag. Since it is difficult to accurately infer in the production process, a small amount of cobalt and nickel are inevitably entered into the slag, and the cobalt completely enters the slag, and then the cobalt is recovered by other methods from the blowing slag.
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