4 Strict female parent
The strict, timely and thorough removal of female tassels in hybrid maize production is the key to ensure the purity of the seeds produced, and it is also the central technical link for the success of maize seed production. When emasculating the female parent, it is required that the tassels of all maternal plants in the planting field be thoroughly removed in a timely manner immediately before loosening. According to the characteristics of the female parent, the method of touching the leaves or emasculating the male is generally adopted. The technical know-how is that when the tassel is exposed at the tip of the blade, when the tassel wrapped in the blade is touched by hand, one or two pieces of parietal lobe can be removed and the tassel can be taken out. When removing the female tassel, the entire tassel should be completely removed, and the tassel should not be broken, leaving no branches or residual tassels. During the detasseling of mothers, it is necessary to carry out every day, rain or shine, until the taro, the mother of the farming system, is completely removed. Maternal detasseling is a very strict seed production technique and must be removed in a timely, clean and thorough manner. First of all, we must achieve high standards and strict requirements and formulate incentive and punishment measures. The technicians must carefully explain and demonstrate the technical key points and requirements of the motherhood in the field at Tiantou. They should clarify the significance of timely, clean, and thorough motherhood, and completely eliminate the slouching and numbness of the breeder's mind. Male initiative and enthusiasm. Secondly, technicians have to go deeper into the field to supervise and check the detasseling of the mothers every day and find that problems are corrected in time. It is forbidden to use the method of cutting the mother's tassels to promptly help the farmer recognize the parent's own business and prevent the occurrence of missed or missed pullouts, especially if the father is lined with female plants. Finally, it is necessary to strictly require and urge the breeder households to inspect and thoroughly remove the female “three types of seedlingsâ€.
5 Completely remove the pollinated paternal plants
The removal of the paternity is the work that must be done after the pollination of the entire farming system is completed, and it is also a necessary measure to increase the quality of seed production and production. The benefits are more. First, cutting off the male parent can improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the farming system, and accelerate maturation of maternal ear; second, it can improve the light conditions, strengthen the photosynthesis of plants, reduce the empty stalk rate, and increase the grain weight and grain plumpness. Third, it can effectively prevent artificially-mixed ears from harvesting when the field is harvested. The fourth is to stop the loss or reuse of the father's seed. The paternal plants were cut off within 7 to 10 days after the tassel loose powder was completely finished.
6 Reasonably arrange for parents to compare
Setting the parents' planting ratio is determined according to the relative plant height of the parents and the male parent's pollen amount. Usually, the ratio of the parent (combination) parents is 1:3 or 1:4. If the female plant is shorter than the male parent, the pollen volume of the father is larger and the flowering period is longer, the parent planting ratio can be expanded to l:5 or l:6. If we increase the proportion of mother-to-children, we can increase the parent's "starry sky" cultivation.
7 attention to control pests
In recent years, the area of ​​hybrid seed production in the country has gradually expanded, and the variety of seed production has increased. In addition, continuous cropping and cultivation systems and planting methods of corn seed production in various regions have changed. Some common corn pests and diseases have become more common, such as corn smut , rough dwarf diseases, leaf spot diseases, aphids, corn borers, etc., as well as some new diseases and pests are increasing, affecting the yield and quality of hybrid corn seed production, such as the increase in diseased grains, insects, grain, seed commodity and germination rate. Lower etc. All breeding units and base technicians should actively adopt the principle of “prevention as the mainstay and comprehensive prevention and control†to eliminate, control, or reduce the occurrence of various corn pests and diseases.
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