I. Introduction
A plurality of metal sulfide ores genus copper, lead, cobalt, nickel sulphide ores, high copper, lead, cobalt content, the lower the content of zinc and nickel. The main purpose of this study is to maximize the recovery of copper, lead, and cobalt. The size of the useful metal minerals in the ore is fine, and the symbiotic relationship between the sulfide minerals, the sulfide minerals and the gangue minerals is very close. It is difficult to recover and separate the useful metal mineral flotation. Carbonaceous ore content of 3.17%, white mica, illite gangue minerals accounted for 56.02%, increasing the difficulty of mineral separation [1].
Second, the nature of ore
(1) Analysis of main chemical components in ore
Metallic minerals in the ore galena, pyrite, chalcopyrite, covellite, sphalerite and sulfur, nickel and cobalt ore, gangue minerals mainly carbonaceous material, muscovite, illite. The analysis results of the main chemical components in the ore are shown in Table 1.
(II) Analysis of ore chemical phase
The analysis results of the chemical phase of the main valuable metals such as copper, lead and cobalt in the ore are shown in Table 2 to Table 4, respectively. The phase analysis results show that the metal elements such as copper, lead, zinc, cobalt and nickel are mainly present in the sulfide, and the oxidation rate is not high.
(III) Particle size analysis of major metal minerals
The gypsum, copper blue and pyrite in the ore are coarser in size, while the galena, sphalerite and sulphur nickel-cobalt ore are finer in size. The proportion of pyrite in the grade of +0.074mm is 68.77%, the occupancy rate of chalcopyrite and copper blue is 54.19%, while the share of sulfur-nickel-cobalt, sphalerite and galena is not high. It is 37.47%, 30.64% and 26.66%; and the highest proportion of galena in the -0.01mm grade, up to 5.06%, followed by the sulphur-nickel-cobalt ore, the occupation rate in this fraction is 3.58%.
The particle size composition of the sulfide in the ore is shown in Figure 1.
It can be seen from Figure 1 that the size of the sulphide in the ore is not uniform. The occupancy of sulfide in the +0.074 mm fraction was 53.69%. The occupancy of sulfide in the -0.01mm grain size is not high, only 100%. It can be seen that the sulfide has the characteristics of medium-fine particle inlay, and most of the sulfide should be easily dissociated from the gangue mineral during fine grinding.
(4) Analysis of monomer dissociation of important metal minerals in ore
The analysis results of the dissociation degree of important metal minerals in ore are shown in Fig. 2.
The results show that copper minerals are not associated with other valuable metal minerals, and the monomer dissociation degree is better. The other major metal minerals such as galena, sphalerite, and sulphur-nickel-cobalt have low dissociation and minerals are closely symbiotic.
Third, the determination of the beneficiation process
The ore contains copper, lead, cobalt, nickel, zinc and other useful metals. The most valuable metals are cobalt, lead and copper. Cobalt is the most economical mineral in the deposit and needs to be guaranteed for maximum recovery [ 2 ] .
The ore contains high carbon, and the sulfide minerals are mainly symbiotic with the carbonaceous materials, and the treatment of charcoal needs to be considered.
The size of the useful metal in the ore is very fine. Most of the sulfide minerals have very fine grain size. The symbiotic relationship between the sulfide minerals, the sulfide ore and the gangue minerals is very close. In order to achieve dissociation, fine grinding is required. .
The content of zinc and nickel in the ore is relatively low, especially the content of zinc is only 0.56%. It is difficult to obtain each zinc concentrate, and most of the nickel and cobalt are present in the same mineral-sulfur nickel-cobalt ore. In the middle, it will be recycled at the same time.
In summary, it is determined that the copper-lead-cobalt mixing and separation process is adopted, that is, the copper-lead-cobalt mixed flotation and the flotation tailings flotation cobalt are selected after decarbonization; the mixed concentrate is selected and then ground, and the carbon is decarbonized again. After re-grinding the product for copper, lead and cobalt separation, lead concentrate and copper-cobalt concentrate are obtained. The mineral processing process is shown in Figure 3.
Fourth, the ore dressing process test research
(1) Experimental study on decarbonization flotation
In the decarbonizing flotation test, CaO in an amount of 1000g / t, coal oil in an amount of 360g / t, No. 2 oil in an amount of 16g / t, the test results in Table 5.
(II) Experimental study on fineness of copper, lead and cobalt selected grinding
The test procedure for the copper-lead-cobalt mixing principle is shown in Figure 4. The results of the fineness test of copper, lead and cobalt selected grinding are shown in Fig. 5.
The coarseness of the rough grinding is determined to be -0.074 mm, and the fraction is 99% (i.e., -0.043 mm is 92%).
(III) Experimental study on copper, lead and cobalt mixing
Copper, Lead and cobalt were mixed Experimental study conditions selected from the determined adjusting agent selected from the mixture, such agents collector dosage. Among them, the collector BK906 is a colorless solid. The test procedure is shown in Figure 6, and the test results are shown in Table 6.
(IV) Experimental study on separation of copper, cobalt and lead
The test conditions of the beneficiation conditions were carried out, and the test conditions such as the type of copper-cobalt-lead separation agent, the dosage of the agent, and the flotation time were determined. The copper, cobalt and lead mixed separation and separation open circuit test process is shown in Figure 7, and the test results are shown in Table 7. An open lead concentrate 2 containing more than 54.13% of lead and 2.87% of copper was obtained, and a copper-cobalt concentrate containing 11.57% of copper, 8.36% of lead, and 0.73% of cobalt was obtained.
(5) Closed circuit test
The closed-circuit test adopts the process of “flotation decarbonization-copper-lead-cobalt mixed flotation-mixed tailings flotation cobalt, mixed-concentrate selection-re-grinding-re-carbonization-separation of copper, lead and cobaltâ€. The flow chart is shown in Figure 8, and the results of the test are shown in Table 8. Among the products obtained, lead concentrate can be directly sold [ 3 ] ; copper, cobalt and lead in other products can be recovered by metallurgical process.
V. Conclusion
(1) The test ore is a complex polymetallic sulfide ore containing carbon. The copper grade is 1.01%, the lead grade is 5.89%, the cobalt grade is 0.14%, the zinc grade is 0.59%, the nickel grade is 0.11%, and the charcoal is 3.19%. The metal minerals in the ore are mainly galena, pyrite, chalcopyrite, copper blue, sphalerite and sulphur nickel-cobalt ore. The embedding grain size of useful metals is very fine, between sulfide minerals, sulfide ore and The symbiotic relationship between gangue minerals is very close.
(2) After decarbonization, lead-cobalt mixed flotation is carried out, and flotation of flotation tailings is carried out by flotation; the mixed concentrate is selected and then ground, and after decarburization, the product is further ground to separate copper, cobalt and lead. Lead concentrate and lead cobalt concentrate. The test obtained qualified lead concentrate, cobalt concentrate and copper-cobalt mixed concentrate, which realized the effective recovery of valuable metals.
references
[1] Beijing Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Research report on a process of ore dressing of sulfide ore [R].2008.
[2] Hu Xigeng. Non-ferrous metal sulfide ore dressing [M]. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 1987 (11): 184-225.
[3] Beneficiation Manual, Volume 8, First Volume [M]. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 1989 (10): 189-203.
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