On November 1, 2011, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Commerce, the General Administration of Customs, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, and the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine jointly issued the "Announcement on the gradual prohibition on the import and sale of ordinary lighting incandescent lamps", and decided to start in October 2012. It is forbidden to sell incandescent lamps for general lighting of 100 watts and above. At this time, as the main substitute product, the promotion of energy-saving lamps has already achieved initial success, and the first batch of pilot cities in China, including Tianjin, have completed the promotion of energy-saving lamps for four years. In the context of incandescent lights leaving the scene and energy-saving lamps sing the protagonist, the reporter conducted a survey visit from the overall policy of energy-saving lighting to the daily impact on the lives of citizens.
The investigation market still sells incandescent lamps sporadically. In 2008, China started the green lighting project. The urban and rural residents purchased and used the energy-saving lamps of the winning enterprises. The financial subsidies were 50, and the large-scale users such as enterprises and institutions purchased subsidies. 30 In this context, energy-saving lamps were obtained throughout the country. Promote quickly.
Since 2008, Tianjin has been promoting the use of high-efficiency lighting products for four consecutive years in the city. This year, Tianjin has ended the promotion of energy-saving lamps and turned to the promotion of LED lamps. Regarding LED lamps, there is no specific requirement for the number of LEDs to be promoted in Tianjin this year. As a pilot city, Tianjin has planned to implement 400,000 to 500,000 LED lights from October 2012 to July 2013. The government subsidizes 30, mainly for schools and governments. Organs, hospitals, businesses, etc. Meng Lei, director of the Resource Conservation Technology Committee of the Tianjin Energy Conservation Association, said.
The reporter visited several lighting stores in Hedong District and Hexi District of Tianjin and found that although there are not many lighting stores selling incandescent lamps, incandescent lamps of about 100 watts are still sold sporadically, and incandescent lamps of more than 100 watts are less. Generally, 100 watt incandescent lamps on the market only sell for 2 yuan, which is relatively cheap, and the same brightness of energy-saving lamps, the cheapest is also more than 20 yuan.
The owner of a lighting store told reporters that incandescent lamps still have a certain consumer base, and often come across customers to look for. Because it is cheaper, the wattage is high, and the shadow line of the illumination is sexy. In some renovation construction sites, most of the high-wattage incandescent lamps are used because of the process demand, and there are more old community residents and rural market consumption. Lighting stores will give priority to energy-saving lamps. For the ban on the sale of incandescent lamps of 100 watts and above since October 1, many merchants have said that they have heard of them, and they will not be stocked after they have sold out their inventory.
When the reporter visited the lighting city survey, he saw that the existing LED lights in the market have not yet enjoyed the state subsidy policy. The main purchasers are merchants, and the residents themselves buy less.
It is understood that in the field of national lighting, the market share of ordinary incandescent lamps is still around 10 to 15, fluorescent energy-saving lamps exceed 80, and new LED environmental protection lamps account for about 2 to 3. Compared with incandescent lamps and fluorescent energy-saving lamps, LED lamps are solid-state light sources, which are more energy-saving and environmentally friendly, but are relatively expensive, so they are mainly used in commercial fields. For example, a 60-watt incandescent lamp, a 12-watt energy-saving lamp, and a 5-watt LED lamp are similar in price. The 60-watt incandescent lamp is priced at 2 yuan, and the 12-watt energy-saving lamp is more than 10 yuan each. 50 yuan. It is reported that as production costs decrease and production processes progress, the cost of LED lamps is decreasing at a rate of 20 to 30 per year.
Meng Lei introduced: The second batch of Tianjin LED lamp promotion will face ordinary residents. We will start bidding for the second batch of LED lamp promotion work in the first half of next year.
Although LED lights are the future development trend of green lighting, due to the high price penetration rate, the life of energy-saving lamps is only a few thousand hours, and there are hidden dangers after disposal. In the current transitional stage, Tianjin lighting companies seized opportunities and technological innovations and developed a new type of energy-saving lamps between traditional fluorescent energy-saving lamps and LED lamps, which became a new choice during the transition period. As a high-tech environmental protection enterprise, Tianjin Kangtai Environmental Technology Co., Ltd. independently developed a high-power, high-brightness, low-energy cold-cathode fluorescent lamp, which is widely used in schools, hospitals, shopping malls, supermarkets, etc. in this city. Zhang Yang, the company's R&D department and engineer, told reporters that this cold cathode fluorescent lamp technology is mature, low in energy consumption and long in life. It can be used as a transitional product of traditional energy-saving lamps and LED lamps, and its life span can reach 50,000 hours. The effect is good.
Tangle to choose energy-saving lamps or LED lights. How to buy lamps for the family, Zhang Yang said that when consumers buy bulbs and lamps, they can't just listen to the one-sided propaganda of the merchants. It is not the most expensive and the highest technology. For example, the desk lamp is not recommended to use LED lights. Since the blue light of the LED light source cannot be completely filtered, and the table lamp is close to the eyes, it will burn your eyes for a long time. LED lights can be used in the living room, dining room and bedroom. The brightness of the lamps in the toilets and kitchens is relatively low, and waterproof and energy-saving lamps with appropriate wattage can be used. Because the LED lights are bright and eye-catching, they are more suitable for flashlights, searchlights or places that require long periods of light. Generally speaking, the same wattage LED lamp saves about 80 times than the incandescent lamp, and the uniform life is extended by about 8 times, and the heat radiation is only 20.
At present, some energy-saving lamp products on the market are overpriced under the banner of high-tech, some are sold at ultra-low prices, but the wattage and quality are not up to standard. If improperly chosen, there will always be problems of saving energy and not saving money. When consumers purchase, they should combine their own actual conditions, pay attention to the selection of qualified products of regular manufacturers, and do not buy fake and inferior energy-saving lamps on the stalls. Another thing to note is that general energy-saving lamps can't be dimmed, so they can only be used for ordinary switches. Switches with dimming function must choose special dimmable energy-saving lamps.
Various pollution risks that cannot be avoided by the problem With the advancement of the national green lighting project, the first batch of energy-saving lamps promoted by China's financial subsidies have entered the centralized retirement period. Abandoned energy-saving lamps are called the second largest domestic waste after waste batteries because they contain toxic and harmful elements such as mercury and lead. The huge consumption of energy-saving lamps in China makes the pollution of energy-saving lamps not to be ignored.
The reporter saw in the box of an energy-saving lamp that the instructions that were folded into small squares clearly marked the toxic and harmful substances and elements, indicating that the energy-saving lamps, the lamp holder, the ballast, and the plastic parts all have lead, mercury, and Toxic and harmful elements such as polybrominated biphenyls.
Related studies have shown that waste energy-saving lamps, especially old-fashioned fluorescent tubes, have an average mercury content of about 0.5 mg, which is only enough to cover a ballpoint pen tip, but if it penetrates into the ground, it is enough to contaminate about 180 tons of water and surrounding soil. In addition, after the waste energy-saving lamps are broken, the concentration of mercury in the surrounding air can be seriously exceeded, and once entering the human body, the central nervous system of the human being may be destroyed.
As a replacement for energy-saving lamps, LED lights are not perfect. At present, the problem of blue light pollution of LED lamps has not been properly solved. It can only be isolated by materials such as lampshades, glass, etc., and in the production process of LED lamps, heavy metals such as arsenic and chromium, which are harmful to the human body, are required, and a large amount of colored Metal indium is therefore not completely environmentally friendly. An industry insider revealed to reporters.
In addition, the blue light or red light of the LED lamp is also likely to cause a certain degree of light pollution. After the LED lights up, the light is concentrated. If the eyes are in this kind of light for a long time, it will cause damage and affect vision.
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