1. What is the purpose of the thickener?
The concentrator is a type of dewatering machine. It is generally used for concentrate concentration and tailings dewatering before filtration. The use of thickeners for tailings dewatering is mainly for the use of circulating water and for the storage of tailings in tailings dams. In addition, in order to improve the technical operation process, such as the pulp is too thin and the operating conditions require thicker materials, it also needs to be concentrated. Therefore, the concentrator is one of the essential dewatering equipment in the process of mineral processing .
The most widely used continuous discharge mechanical discharge concentrator (耙 thickener) is currently the most widely used in the concentrator. These concentrators can be divided into three types: center drive type, peripheral drive type and multi-layer concentrator. The peripheral transmission type can be further divided into: the peripheral transmission type can be divided into two types: the peripheral rack drive and the peripheral roller drive.
2. What factors affect the production capacity of the concentrator?
The unit production capacity of the concentrator refers to the concentrated area per unit of the concentrator, and the tonnage of the material processed every day and night, that is, the ton/m 2 day. The main factors affecting production capacity are as follows:
1) concentration of ore and ore, 2) particle size composition of the ore, 3) viscosity of the foam in the slurry, 4) presence of chemicals and electrolytes, 5) temperature of the slurry, 6) value of the concentrated material, and the like.
In the concentration of flotation concentrate, the unit production capacity is generally 0.5-1.0 tons / m 2 · day. Usually, the concentration of the slurry fed to the thickener is 15-30%, and the concentration of the pulp after concentration is generally 50-60%, sometimes up to 70%.
3. Why is it that the most difficult to settle in the concentrated sedimentation process is the slime? How to deal with it?
There are two kinds of mineral mud: one is formed in the process of ore mining, called the original slime, and the other is caused by the crushing in the grinding process, which is more secondary to the slime. Due to the extremely fine particle size of the slime, the sedimentation rate is slow, because the finer the material, the larger the surface area of ​​the ore, the more water remains in between them, and the moisture content depends on the wettability and capillary phenomenon. For colloidal particles having a particle size of 0.1 to 0.001 μm, due to the electrostatic repulsion of molecular forces and charged particles of the same name, the tendency to settle due to self-precipitation is balanced, and there is virtually no precipitation. Therefore, in the process of sedimentation of the concentrate in the slurry, the most difficult to settle is the fine slime.
In order to improve the settlement of such suspended ore particles (i.e., slime), it is necessary to eliminate their charge and to combine the particles into large flocs and agglomerates.
In the concentrator, it is common to add an electrolyte, add a colloidal surface active material (generally adding water glass or soda), adjust the ratio of liquid to solid in the slurry or heat the slurry to flocculate the dispersed particulate slime and accelerate the sedimentation.
4. Why is the management of the concentrator important? How to operate?
Although the management of the concentrator is simple, it cannot be ignored. The concentrator is one of the important equipment of the concentrator. If it fails, it will cause the whole plant to stop production.
In order to ensure the normal operation of the concentrator, the operator should start the motor before feeding the mine, and then feed the concentrator after the machine is running. Parking is also allowed to stop after the feed is stopped. When you have to stop in special circumstances, stop the feeding immediately and lift the truss quickly or increase the amount of ore discharged. In order to avoid the squeegee being buried in the concentrated slurry, it is necessary to ensure the continuity and uniformity of the work of feeding and unloading (ie discharging the concentrated product). Always check the concentrate feed concentration, concentrated product concentration, and overflow water quality to meet production requirements. In actual operation, the concentration of concentrated product can be adjusted by controlling the discharge rate. However, when adjusting the discharge concentration, care must be taken to prevent the increase of solid loss in the overflow and ensure that the overflow water quality meets the requirements.
5, how to concentrate during flotation concentrates to prevent metal loss?
When concentrating the flotation concentrate, due to the large amount of foam in the slurry, the operation of the concentrator is often difficult, and the overflow is turbid, resulting in a large amount of metal loss in the overflow. Therefore, these foams should be removed prior to concentration. There are several ways to eliminate the foam: 1) When the slurry enters the concentration tank, spray the wine with high-pressure water to eliminate the foam;
2) using the rotation of the centrifugal pump impeller to break up the air bubbles;
3) Install a retaining ring parallel to the overflow tank in the concentration tank (the upper ring is slightly higher than the overflow tank and the lower edge is immersed in the liquid surface) to block the foam, and the addition of the medicament causes the foam to burst rapidly.
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