According to the University of Maryland campus news network reported on March 31, the school engineer modified the wood structure to make the negative structure of the lithium battery to enhance the safety and performance of the battery. The research paper titled "Large Capacity, Low Bend and Channel Guided Lithium Batteries" has been published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on March 20th.
Lithium batteries play an important role in modern manufacturing, whether they are used in charging treasures, mobile phones, notebooks or electric vehicles. However, when the battery is fully charged, the negative electrode will rapidly expand and will shrink when the battery is exhausted. Significant structural changes can lead to more lithium metal on the surface of the battery, which has led to safety hazards such as explosions.
Scientists at the University of Maryland have proposed to abandon the traditional practice of using lithium to store lithium ions and switch to using natural pipes that transport water and nutrients in wood to contain lithium ions. In this way, wood will become the "home" of metal ions. Due to the fixed structure, the wood will not collapse or be damaged regardless of the amount of ions.
In order to ensure that the high current density does not block lithium ions outside the "home" when charging, scientists have increased the access to the interior of the wood. This modification makes the number of ions in each inlet not much, the local current density is small, the battery does not generate heat and burn, and the explosion is avoided. In addition, due to the larger internal structure of the wood, it is able to hold more electricity than the metal block under the same volume conditions.
Researchers say that the current use of natural materials such as wood to improve lithium battery construction is only part of the research. It is the natural biological structure that inspires scientific research that one can think of using renewable materials to create new ways of storing energy.
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