Vanadium and titanium by the magnet after dressing enriched ore, refining by a blast furnace pig iron containing vanadium, atomization furnace or a converter blowing process to extract vanadium slag. The vanadium slag is pulverized and added with sodium salt (soda ash, salt or anhydrous thenardite ) for sodium sulphide roasting to make vanadium soluble sodium metavanadate (NaVO3). After leaching and purification, ammonium sulfate is added to precipitate polyvanadate. Ammonium [(NH4)2V6O16], which is then deaminated and melted to form flake vanadium pentoxide. The required components are V2O 597 to 99%, P < 0.05%, S < 0.05%, and Na2O + K2O < 1.5%. In addition, vanadium pentoxide is extracted directly from the vanadium-bearing iron concentrate or the vanadium-bearing carbonaceous shale by chemical treatment. The following describes several extraction methods
Electrothermal method
The flaky vanadium pentoxide is prepared by using 75% ferrosilicon and a small amount of aluminum as a reducing agent in a basic electric arc furnace through two stages of reduction and refining. During the reduction period, all the reducing agent of one furnace and 60-70% of the total amount of vanadium pentoxide pentoxide are charged into the electric furnace, and the silicon thermal reduction is performed under the high calcium oxide slag. When the V2O5 in the slag is less than 0.35%, the slag is discharged (referred to as lean slag, which can be discarded or used as building materials) and transferred to the refining period. In this case, vanadium pentoxide flake and added lime to remove excess liquid alloy of silicon, aluminum and the like, once the alloy composition to meet the requirements, an iron alloy to slag. The slag released in the later stage of refining is called slag-rich (including V2O5 up to 8-12%), and is returned to use when the next furnace starts to feed. The alloy liquid is generally cast into a cylindrical ingot, which is finished after cooling, demoulding, crushing and slag removal. This method is generally used for smelting of vanadium iron containing 40 to 60% of vanadium. The recovery rate of vanadium is up to 98%. The electricity consumption per ton of ferrovanadium is about 1600 kWh.
JIS" Stands for Japanese Industrial Standard and are published by the Japanese Standards Association (JSA) which is the equivalent of ANSI in the United States. They are created and updated by the Committee of the Japanese Industrial Standards (JISC). Like JSA to ANSI, the JISC is similar to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME).
Japan Industrial Standard is yet another option for metric sizes. Provided in JIS5K, JIS10K, JIS15K, and JISK20K pressure classes, we can offer Slip On, Blind, and Weld Neck varieties in Raised Face or Flat Face configurations. These are typically made of 316/L or A105, but as usual, all alloys are available!
Much like DIN / metric flanges, the JIS Flange specification offers a slightly wider variety of slip weld configurations for the purposes of space limitations and suitability for existing pipeline equipment. For instance, a customer can request a slip on with or without a hub as standard, or even a ring type flange, and all of this within the same B2220 specification.
JIS flanges are commonly found in exported pressure equipment and pipe assemblies from Japan. Many large ships and sea vessels which travel through international waters and service the Pacific rim will utilize equipment made to this standard, as parts and servicing for this specification are widely available.
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