A team of researchers at the University of California, Riverside, has developed a new architecture of silicon anodes that can be charged 16 times faster in lithium batteries. The new design builds on the 3D structure of tapered carbon nanotube material. Can make the battery lighter than the original 40%, but can carry 60% more than the original power, will charge faster about 16 times.
As lithium batteries are widely used, there is also a great deal of research to improve their performance. The search for "perfect" electrode material has never stopped. In the commercial area, the current anodes are mostly made of graphite carbon, which can carry 370 mAh (370 mAh / g specific capacity) per gram. And if made of carbon nanotubes anode, you can turn the performance of about three times, reaching 1000mAh / g specific capacity. Further research found that silicon is a better battery cathode material. Because it has 4200mAh / g specific capacity. Compared to the current commercial battery, providing more than 10 times the performance. The direct use of silicon anode and can not work in the existing lithium battery structure. Since silicon and lithium react inside the battery, it expands to four times the normal size.
Now, researchers at the University of California, Riverside, have developed a new architecture to apply silicon to the anode of lithium batteries. Not only can carry more power per unit weight of material, but also make the charging speed about 16 times faster. The researchers first constructed a layer of graphene sheets, and on the basis of which columnar nanotubes were used to create columnar nanostructures. In the end they used a mild inductively coupled plasma to turn their columnar nanotubes into conical structures, eventually depositing amorphous silicon on them.
Lithium-ion batteries with anodes of this structure also exhibit very high stability in a fast charge-discharge cycle with an anode reaching 1954 mAh / g (five times the performance of a conventional anode). The specific capacity of 1200 mAh / g remained after 230 charge and discharge cycles. If this battery technology can be mass-produced, I believe the impact on the smart phone and electric vehicle industry are enormous.
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