At 18:00 on February 14, Academician Wang Yifang boarded a flight to Washington, DC. He is going to attend the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and introduce the views of Chinese scientists at the Global Cooperation Branch of large scientific research facilities. Globalization is also important not only in the economic field but also in scientific research, especially in large scientific research facilities.
As the director of the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wang Yifang is the main proponent and promoter of the large circular positive and negative electron collider (CEPC). When the country is still questioning whether such a large circular collider is scientifically necessary, whether the budget of 30 billion yuan is too high, and whether the technical solution of the project is feasible, the European Nuclear Research Center (hereinafter referred to as the European Nuclear) announced on the eve of the Spring Festival. Their Future Circular Collider (FCC) "Conceptual Design Report" plans to invest heavily in two-step construction of the next generation of super colliders.
In 2012, Chinese high-energy physicists proposed the CEPC program. However, when the plan was put forward, it caused a great uproar in the scientific community. Supporters advocate that the Super Collider is a major historical opportunity for China's high-energy physics, an opportunity to lead the world; opponents believe that the construction of the Super Collider is costly, the cost is not high, and the overall investment in the national research funds is relatively stable. Next, such projects will squeeze the share of other research.
On November 14 last year, thousands of Chinese scientists from all over the world participated in the six-year CEPC Concept Design Report.
Compared with the China-European program, it can be found that the FCC of the European nuclear is similar to the CEPC of China: it is a technical route with a circumference of 100 kilometers and a proton acceleration after electronic collision. Of course, the cost of the two is different. The total cost of China is about half of the cost of the EU. The first phase of CEPC in China is planned to be completed in 2030, the second phase is planned to be completed in 2040, and the first phase of the FCC of the European Union is planned to be completed around 2040, and the second phase can be put into use in the late 2050s. The difference between the front and back is basically 10 years.
In an exclusive interview with the Science and Technology Daily reporter, Wang Yufang said that in the working mode, the FCC of the European nuclear is gradually increasing from low energy to high energy, while the Chinese CEPC can achieve high energy and low energy switching at any time. “I feel that CEPC has a better working model and can flexibly choose different working modes according to different scientific goals. The FCC's working mode is fixed.â€
Wang Yifang believes that so far, we have not directly competed with other countries and regions in the most popular and critical large scientific devices. We are doing more to fill the gaps and fill in the gaps. "Building a super collider is a major opportunity for China's high-energy physics. We have a 10-year window period and have great confidence in success, which may change the pattern of high-energy physics research in the world. If we miss this opportunity, we will I can only continue to do the work of picking up the gaps."
The EU nuclear program announced this time further validates the feasibility of the Chinese program. China's CEPC program first proposed a solution for the large-scale ring-shaped collider that first electronically collided and then transitioned to proton collision. However, this path was not recognized by global scientists, especially the European nuclear. “Before 2012, high-energy physicists believed that the future development trend of high-energy accelerators was linear colliders. We proposed that after the construction of the ring-shaped collider, a heated debate was triggered within the European nuclear, and finally they decided to put the ring collider. As a reference for the development of the Super Collider." Wang Yifang said that the path chosen by the European nuclear is the Proton Collider, not the electronic collider as the first step.
After more than five years of research, we gradually realized that the first post-electron proton is the most feasible solution, both scientifically and technically. The ECC's FCC program eventually chose this route. This proves the correctness of China's CEPC design scheme from both scientific and technical aspects.
Large scale and high investment, but the scientific outlook is bright. Whether it is built or not, this is a multiple choice question placed before China and the EU.
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